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        <p>突然想去学习一个Python的Web框架，当然第一步是先配置一下可以运行Python代码的环境。 从搜索引擎转了一圈，选择从熟悉的地方入手——Apache+Wsgi+Python成为了我的选择，而框架暂选Flask，而配置居然花了一个晚上的时间（而且还有许多问题没有解决）。 以下都是在CentOS下的操作，也默认在Python2.7.5下操作</p>
<h2 id="安装Virtualenv"><a href="#安装Virtualenv" class="headerlink" title="安装Virtualenv"></a>安装Virtualenv</h2><p>首先，参考文档：<a href="http://dormousehole.readthedocs.org/en/latest/installation.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://dormousehole.readthedocs.org/en/latest/installation.html</a> 安装Virtualenv，安装Flask，一切正常 注意，建立的目录最好在之前网站的目录之下，比如/var/www/html/pythonTest这样</p>
<h2 id="安装WSGI"><a href="#安装WSGI" class="headerlink" title="安装WSGI"></a>安装WSGI</h2><p>然后安装Wsgi，没想到直接用yum安装就可以</p>
<p>yum install mod_wsgi</p>
<p>如果没有的话，可以i从github下载swgi：<a href="https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi/releases</a> 然后编译安装：</p>
<p>./configure –with-python=/usr/local/bin/python2.7<br>make<br>make install</p>
<p>（参考了<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/shadowturtle/archive/2012/11/25/2787690.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">http://www.cnblogs.com/shadowturtle/archive/2012/11/25/2787690.html</a>）</p>
<h2 id="配置Apache"><a href="#配置Apache" class="headerlink" title="配置Apache"></a>配置Apache</h2><p>查看Apache的moudle目录（一般在/etc/httpd/moudles下），发现其中多了一个mod_wsgi.so模块，说明安装成功。 然后打开apache的配置文件，一般在/etc/httpd/conf/conf.d目录下，编辑加入以下代码（没有用虚拟主机）</p>
<p>#Rules for WSGI<br>WSGIScriptAlias /py /var/www/html/py/py.wsgi/</p>
<p>#脚本的路径<br>WSGIScriptReloading On</p>
<p>#允许脚本改动之后自动重载<br>AddType text/html .py </p>
<p>#应该是说在返回Py脚本的时候返回html标记</p>
<directory "="" var="" www="" html="" py=""><br>    AllowOverride None<br>    Require all granted<br></directory>

<p>Apache还可以配置成虚拟主机，这里采用8080端口调试（需要在防火墙打开8080端口）</p>
<p>Listen 8080</p>
<virtualhost *:8080=""><br>    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost<br>    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/py<br>    WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/html/py/py.wsgi<br>    WSGIScriptReloading On<br>    <directory "="" var="" www="" html="" py"=""><br>    <files py.wsgi=""><br>        Order deny,allow<br>        Allow from all<br>    </files><br>    </directory><br>    ErrorLog /var/www/html/py/error.log<br>    LogLevel warn<br></virtualhost>



<h2 id="配置WSGI"><a href="#配置WSGI" class="headerlink" title="配置WSGI"></a>配置WSGI</h2><p>我的目录结构是这样的</p>
<p>|—py<br>    |—py.wsgi<br>    |—py<br>        |—__init__.py<br>        |—static<br>            |—-.(静态文件目录)<br>        |—templates<br>            |—.(模板目录)<br>        |—venv<br>            |—(虚拟环境文件)</p>
<p>其实现在有用的也只有py.wsgi，编辑之</p>
<p>import sys<br>def application(environ,start_response):<br>        start_response(‘200 OK’,[(‘Content-Type’,’text/html’)])<br>        return “</p><h1>Hello Wsgi,Hello Flask</h1>“+sys.version<p></p>
<p>会输出Hello Wsgi,Hello Flask和Python的版本号 这时，WSGI配置完成，可以从外部通过Apache访问Python搭建的网站</p>
<h2 id="问题"><a href="#问题" class="headerlink" title="问题"></a>问题</h2><p>不过，也出现了一些问题，就是如何让WSGI使用Python3来解析之后的文件。 本来以为是Virtualenv的问题，但是关闭之后，问题依旧。所以很可能是使用Yum安装时候导致的问题，这个问题留作以后解决。</p>
<h2 id="Virtualenv的简单使用方法"><a href="#Virtualenv的简单使用方法" class="headerlink" title="Virtualenv的简单使用方法"></a>Virtualenv的简单使用方法</h2><h3 id="新建环境"><a href="#新建环境" class="headerlink" title="新建环境"></a>新建环境</h3><p>cd xxx目录<br>virtualenv test_env</p>
<p>默认情况下，虚拟环境会依赖系统环境中的site packages，就是说系统中已经安装好的第三方package也会安装在虚拟环境中，如果不想依赖这些package，那么可以加上参数 –no-site-packages。</p>
<h3 id="启动环境"><a href="#启动环境" class="headerlink" title="启动环境"></a>启动环境</h3><p>source ./bin/activate</p>
<h3 id="退出环境"><a href="#退出环境" class="headerlink" title="退出环境"></a>退出环境</h3><p>deactivate</p>
<hr>
<p>  次日更新</p>
<h2 id="问题解决"><a href="#问题解决" class="headerlink" title="问题解决"></a>问题解决</h2><p>后来查看Apache的log文件，发现是WSGI一直无法import其他文件，看来真的是因为我用Yum安装的WSGI有问题，解决方法如下： 用Python2的pip安装WSGI</p>
<p>python2 pip install mod_wsgi</p>
<p>然后进入WSGI的目录</p>
<p>cd /usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/mod_wsgi</p>
<p>进入server文件夹，将mod_wsgi-py27.so复制到Apache的modules文件夹，替换原有的WSGI</p>
<p>cp mod_wsgi-py27.so /etc/httpd/modules/mod_wsgi.so</p>
<p>操作成功。</p>
<h2 id="接入Flask框架"><a href="#接入Flask框架" class="headerlink" title="接入Flask框架"></a>接入Flask框架</h2><p>还是按照配置WSGI时候的目录结构 在py目录下的__init__.py中写入一个简单的测试网页</p>
<p>from flask import Flask<br>app = Flask(__name__)<br>@app.route(“/“)<br>def hello():<br>    return “Hello,Flask!”<br>if __name__ == “__main__“:<br>    app.run()</p>
<p>将py.wsgi文件内容改为</p>
<p>import sys<br>import os<br>sys.path.insert(0,”你的py.wsgi目录”)<br>sys.path.insert(0,”你的__init__.py目录”)<br>from py import app as application（一定要有as application）</p>
<p>然后去访问服务器，发现显示了”Hello，Flask”，大功告成！</p>

      
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              <div class="post-toc-content"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装Virtualenv"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装Virtualenv</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#安装WSGI"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">安装WSGI</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#配置Apache"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">配置Apache</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#配置WSGI"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">配置WSGI</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#undefined"><span class="nav-number"></span> <span class="nav-text">Hello Wsgi,Hello Flask</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#问题"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">问题</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#Virtualenv的简单使用方法"><span class="nav-number">2.</span> <span class="nav-text">Virtualenv的简单使用方法</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#新建环境"><span class="nav-number">2.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">新建环境</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#启动环境"><span class="nav-number">2.2.</span> <span class="nav-text">启动环境</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#退出环境"><span class="nav-number">2.3.</span> <span class="nav-text">退出环境</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#问题解决"><span class="nav-number">3.</span> <span class="nav-text">问题解决</span></a></li><li class="nav-item nav-level-2"><a class="nav-link" href="#接入Flask框架"><span class="nav-number">4.</span> <span class="nav-text">接入Flask框架</span></a></li></ol></div>
            

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